Important Locations in the Masjid al-Haraam

The Holy Ka'aba: The House of Allah and the birth place of Imam Ali b. Abi Taalib [a]
Hajar al-Aswad (The Black Stone)

Maqam Ibrahim
Hijr Ismail: This was the location of the house of Prophet Ismael [a] to anyone because he did not like it to be walked on. Other prophets are buried in this place also. According to Imam Baqir [a], the place between Rukn and Maqam is full of graves of the Prophets. According to Imam Sadiq [a], seventy prophets are buried between; Rukn al-Aiman and Hajar al-Aswad.

Well of Zamzam
Mizabe Rahmah: the golden trough (water channel) between Rukn Iraqi and Rukn Shami.

Shadharwan
Mustajar: This is just before Rukn Yamani whilst walking from Rukn Shami to Rukn Yamani. It has also been defined as the area between the Black Stone (hajar al-aswad) and the door of the Ka'aba.
Mutaawadh or Multazam: The place between Rukn Yamani and the Black Stone (hajar al-aswad)
Hatwim: According to the book "Adabul Haramain", this is the place between the door of the Ka'aba and Hajar al-Aswad. It is called Hatwim "the smasher" because it smashes major and minor sins of one who seeks forgiveness here. It is said that this is the place where Adam [a] was forgiven. According to the book "Umra & Ziyarat", this is the place where Prophet Ismail, his mother and many other prophets are buried. See Hijr Ismail above.
Rukn al-Aiman (the right-hand side corner of the Ka'aba):This is opposite the Black Stone behind the House. The Prophet [s] said "Whenever I come at this point, I find Jibril is already there before me." Imam al-Sadiq [a] said: "Ruknal-Aiman is our gate to Paradise". He also said: "In this place is one of the doors of Paradise that has never been closed since it was opened. There is a river from Paradise in which deeds of the servants are dropped." Also called Rukn al-Junubi. It comes before the Black Stone corner.
Rukn Shami/Gharbi: This is the corner of the Ka'aba that comes after Hijr Ismail.
Rukn al-Sharqi: This is the corner where Hajar al-Aswad rests.
Rukn al-Shimali / Iraqi: This is corner that comes after the Ka'aba's door before one reaches Hijr Ismail.
Mount Safa: When going to Safa for Sa'y, use the same door that the Prophet [s] used, which is Bab as-Safa, opposite the Black Stone.
Mount Marwa