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Tafseer Surat Aţ-Ţāriq
From Tafseer Namuneh by Ayatullah Naser Makarem Shirazi
Translated into English by Fatima Zabeth beenesh
In the beginning after the thoughts provoking covenants pointed towards the existence of the divine vigilant and onlookers upon the human beings.
The second phase indicated some of the references of Judgment day, by declaring the various meaningful importance of the noble Quran; finally the Sura ends by threatening the infidels and the divine punishments.
In a narration by the prophet, it is quoted describing the virtues character, we read: Anybody who reads it, the Beneficent and Compassionate God will bestow the person ten times good deeds equal to the number of the stars in the sky.
In a hadees from Imam Jafer Sadiq alaihis salam it is expressed: Any person who in his obligatory namaz (รรیรรฅ) recites รฆรรกรรฃรรรฆรรกรรรร, he will have a high and elevated status on the resurrection day and he will be among the friends and companions of the prophet Muhammad sallaho alaihi va ala alehi in the Paradise.
It is quite evident that the practice upon the contents of the Sura confers such great rewards, not the recitation without the practice.
รรรฃ รรกรกรฅ รรกรรรฃรค รรกรรรญรฃ
รรกรรธรณรรรถรรต means to beat, the way is called รรกรรรถรญรบรรต as they beat their foot.
In a narration from Imam Sadiq alaihis salam it is quoted, when an astronomer asked him: what is the meaning of the รรกรรธรณรรรถรรต in the divine commandments such as รรกรครธรณรรบรฃรต รรกรรธรณรรรถรรต.
He replied: It is a Pluto รรรก which rises from the seventh sky and its light pierces the skies and reaches the lower skies. Hence the Holy and the Protector God named it รรกรครธรณรรบรฃรต รรกรรธรณรรรถรรต
Pluto รรรก the last and far off planet of the solar system cannot be viewed without the telescope. This star had some features which made it worthy of taking vow by its name. As it is the far off star which can be observed for that reason, in the Arabic literature the high towers and things are compared to it and some time it is called the chief of the stars.
The star of Pluto, its Farsi name is หیรฆรรค surrounded by numerous bright rings and have eight moons. The bright circles around Pluto are the strangest heavenly phenomenon for which the astronomers have different views; still it is a mysterious heavenly body.
Some believe that the Pluto have ten moons, eight of them can be viewed from the common telescopes of the astronomers and other two can be sighted by the highly sophisticated telescopes. However these secrets, on those days were not evident later it was revealed by the passing of the ages.
We read in the ayat of Surat Aş-Şāffāt (Those who set the Ranks)
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รถรกรธรณร รฃรณรครบ รรณรรถรรณ รรกรบรรณรรบรรณรรณ รรณรรณรรบรรณรรณรฅรต รรถรฅรณรรรฑ รรณรรรถรรฑ (37:10)
37:10
But if anyone does succeed in snatching a glimpse [of such knowledge], he is [henceforth] pursued by a piercing flame.
This heavenly body รรถรฅรณรรรฑ รรณรรรถรรฑ is one among the wonders of the creation.
Then it is said: Verily everyone has an observant and an onlooker
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รถรค รรตรกรธรต รครณรรบรรฒ รกรธรณรฃรธรณร รรณรกรณรญรบรฅรณร รรณรรรถรรฑ (86:4
To register, record and preserve the human beingโs acts. It is saved for accounts and to bestow the awards to man.
Thus you are never alone, you are whatever or wherever, you are constantly under the keen vigilance of angles of Compassionate God and the divine agents. It is the fact which is very effective in educating, civilizing and nurturing the humanity.
Who are these observant and an onlooker? The ayaat of Quran thoroughly gives the witness that these observers and presenters are the angels what they save is the good deeds and the bad deeds.
This probability is guessed that they protected the man from the perilous situations and accidents. Truly if there had not been any divine protectors there would have not been a single person who could be left safe and very less people would have died their natural death specifically the children in their early stage.
Or it had the aim to protect the man from the temptations of the Satan and if there had not been the divine protection from the devilish allurements of the Jin (genii) and man which are so much excessive that no one would have been able to be safe and intact from them.
Because in the high sky the stars constantly navigate in the systematic routes and they prove that there is an order and calculation in the grand universe. Then how it will be possible that the human deeds could not be observed and left without any planned calculation.
รรณรฃรณร รกรณรฅรต รฃรถรค รรตรฆรธรณรรฒ รฆรณรกรณร รครณรรรถรรฒ (86:10)
86:10
Then man will have no power or any helper.
The man should know from what matter he had been created.
รรณรกรบรญรณรครรตรรถ รรกรบร
รถรครรณรรครต รฃรถรฃรธรณ รรตรกรถรรณ (86:5
Thus the noble Quran caught hold the hands of the man and turned his attention towards his initial creation and put a question before him: By what matter have you been created?
Without waiting for their answer, the Noble Quran replied them clearly and adds: he is created from the vibrant and vital liquid.
รรตรกรถรรณ รฃรถรค รฃรธรณรร รรณรรรถรรฒ (86:6
It is the definition of the sperm of man which is floating in the fluid of semen and while coming out it gushes.
In describing this liquid it mentioned: It rushes out from the spine and between the lions of man. (Either side of the spinal column, between the false ribs and hipbone).
รญรณรรบรรตรรต รฃรถรค รรณรญรบรครถ รรกรรธรตรกรบรรถ รฆรณรรกรรธรณรรณรรรถรรถ (86:7)
รรกรรธรตรกรบรรถ means back and รรกรรธรณรรณรรรถรรถ means as per the definition of the scholars vocabulary, the bones in the upper chest where we wear the necklace.
At the same time many meanings had been mentioned for รรกรรธรณรรณรรรถรรถ. Such as ribs, men, or back of man as the semen is placed in the stomach in between the back and front part.
Or it is the ovule of woman and the semen of man. The properties of the semen are taken from every part of man.
Then it takes out the result of its discussion and said: The one who made the man initially out of the liquids he is able to return him back once again to the life.
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รถรครธรณรฅรต รรณรกรณรฌ รรณรรบรรถรฅรถ รกรณรรณรรรถรรฑ (86:8
He was only a soil in the beginning after passing through the stages it took the face of the semen and after going through the complicated and marvelous phases transforms into a man. Thus returning the man to new life and the existence does not create any difficulties for God.
In the 5th ayat of Sura e hajj said: Surat Al-Ĥaj (The Pilgrimage) - รรฆรร รรกรร
รญรณร รรณรญรธรตรฅรณร รรกรครธรณรรรต ร
รถรค รรตรครรตรฃรบ รรถรญ รรณรญรบรรฒ รฃรธรถรครณ รรกรบรรณรรบรรถ รรณร
รถรครธรณร รรณรกรณรรบรครณรรรตรฃ รฃรธรถรค รรตรรณรรรฒ รรตรฃรธรณ รฃรถรค รครธรตรรบรรณรรฒ
O People, if you should be in doubt about the Resurrection, then [consider that] indeed, We created you from dust, then from a sperm-drop,
Then in the next ayat defined that great day and said: This return one day will prove to be certain and the secrets will get disclosed.
รญรณรฆรบรฃรณ รรตรรบรกรณรฌ รรกรรธรณรรณรรรถรรต (86:9)
รรตรรบรกรณรฌ means test and trail. As the facts of the things comes forth at the time of test and trail. Here it gives the meaning of appearance and advent.
รรกรรธรณรรณรรรถรรต means conditions, qualities and the internal and hidden wishes.
Yea that day is the day of accession, outbreak and appearance. The hidden secret will get evident. For the believers this day is a day of honor and the Merciful God increase their favors and for the unbelievers and wrong doers the Dominant and Subduer God brings insults, disgrace and humiliation. It is much painful that the whole life man concealed all his inner ugliness from the creatures of God and lived respectfully among them but on that day all the hidden secrets will get clear to the sight of the multitudes of people and made him shameful and disrespectful which is more agonizing for him. Sometimes the distress and torment of this chastisement is more torturing than hell fire.
In the ayat 14 of Sura e Rahman it is mentioned: Surat Ar-Raĥmān (The Beneficent) - รรฆรร รรกรรรฃรค
รญรตรรบรรณรรต รรกรบรฃรตรรบรรถรฃรตรฆรครณ รรถรรถรญรฃรณรรฅรตรฃรบ
55:41
The Mujrimun (polytheists, criminals, sinners, etc.) will be known by their marks (black faces),
And in the other ayaat too mentioned about the Day of Judgment as
Surat `Abasa (He Frowned) - รรฆรร รรร
รฆรตรรตรฆรฅรฑ รญรณรฆรบรฃรณรรถรรฒ รฃรธรตรรบรรถรรณรรฑ (80:38
Yea as the Pluto รรรก and the other stars in the night appears in the sky and comes out from the concealment and cover, same way the Benevolent God, reveals the observant and an onlookers who are appointed to record and save the deeds of human beings.
People asked Prophet Muhammad sallallaho alaihi va ala alehi to describe the word รรกรรธรณรรณรรรถรรต he said: It means our deeds like praying namaz, fasting, zakath (giving in charity), ablutions (gusl) to wash the impure (najis) body and performing vazu (washing face, hands and moistening between head and upper part of feet). Every fundamental and obligatory act is hidden. If the human being wants he can tell: I prayed namaz while he did not pray the namaz and he says: I performed vazu though he did not render it. Thus defined the ayat
รญรณรฆรบรฃรณ รรตรรบรกรณรฌ รรกรรธรณรรณรรรถรรต (86:9
That day the most important problem is that: there is no friend and helper for man,
รรณรฃรณร รกรณรฅรต รฃรถรค รรตรฆรธรณรรฒ รฆรณรกรณร รครณรรรถรรฒ (86:10
He had no power to cover his treacherous and ugly deeds and a friend to liberate him from the punishment of the Powerful God. No ransom (the price paid to release the slave and prisoner) will be accepted from anybody. They are no way to run away or returning back for man. There is no path to run away from the grip of the divine court of justice. Only and only the means of salvation and liberation is right believe and the virtues deeds. Yea this is the only source of emancipation.
The plans of the enemies failed
In these ayat again to stress the fact of the judgment day and indicating towards the other proves, continued the discussion and said: I swear by the sky full of rains.
รฆรณรรกรรธรณรฃรณรร รรณรรรถ รรกรรธรณรรบรรถ (86:11
I swear by the earth which gets split and the plants arise from it.
รฆรณรรกรบรรณรรบรรถ รรณรรรถ รรกรรธรณรรบรรถ (86:12
This is the true words that you will become alive (again).
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รถรครธรณรฅรต รกรณรรณรฆรบรกรฑ รรณรรบรกรฑ (86:13)
รรกรรธรณรรบรรถ means to return back, Arab name the rain รรกรรธรณรรบรรถ as it arises from the earth and the sea and by the help of clouds and rain returns back to the earth.
รรกรรธรณรรบรรถ means splits in the hard bodies.
In fact these two vows points out the revival of dead lands to life by means of the rains the noble Quran many a times mentioned it as a reason for the judgment day like in ayat 11 of Sura Qaf.
Surat Qāf (The Letter "Qaf")
รฆรณรรณรรบรญรณรญรบรครณร รรถรฅรถ รรณรกรบรรณรรฐ รฃรธรณรญรบรรฐร รรณรรณรกรถรรณ รรกรบรรตรรตรฆรรต (50:11)
50:11
As provision for the servants, and we have given life thereby to a dead land. Thus is the resurrection.
Your getting out of the graves and arise also is the same manner.
รรณรฆรบรกรฑ รรณรรบรก means the word that brings difference between the truth and the false.
In a narration from amirul mominin Ali alaihis salam who quoted from prophet Muhammad sallallaho alaihi va ala alehi and said: Soon a nuisance will appear among you. I asked: O prophet of God! How do we protect ourselves from that?
He replied: It is the noble Quran which provide you the information about the ancient and the previous people, the future generation and it is a judge among you. It has commandments which separates the right from the wrong. It is very serious book not a witticism or jest.
รฆรณรฃรณร รฅรตรฆรณ รรถรรกรบรฅรณรรบรกรถ (86:14
Any tyrannical who leaves the Protector God, the Almighty breaks him. Or anybody who seeks the guidance without it, the Sovereign God leaves him astray.
Then for the satisfaction and consolation of the prophetโs heart and the believers from one side and to threat the enemies of Islam from other side the prophets adds: They constantly deceit, design the plot and plan.
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รถรครธรณรฅรตรฃรบ รญรณรรถรญรรตรฆรครณ รรณรญรบรรฐร (86:15
I too plan and plot for them and make vain their plans by converting them into mirages.
รฆรณรรณรรถรญรรต รรณรญรบรรฐร (86:16
If now it happened that it gives the unbelievers a grace period to face the result of their deeds.
รรณรฃรณรฅรธรถรกรถ รรกรบรรณรรรถรรถรญรครณ รรณรฃรบรฅรถรกรบรฅรตรฃรบ รรตรฆรณรญรบรรฐร (86:17
They plot for you inauspicious plans to fight with you. Sometimes by ridiculing you, at times by the way of economical blockade, often by torturing the believers and frequently, they state: Do not hear this Quran.
And at the time of its recitation they create noises and began to shout for getting success in their intentions. Often they name you sorcerer, call you fortune teller and at times they count you as a mad man.
Sometimes, they bring faith in the morning and in the evening of that same day, they declare themselves unbelievers to attract the group of people, to follow them.
They constantly say: The people who are around you, all of them are poor, beggars and needy, cast them away.
At times they say: At least believe in some of our gods and accept them officially so that we too can accompany you. Mostly they plan to kill you or send you into exile. In short every moment with a different face and attire they appear to disperse the crowd around you, pressurize your companions to make you away from them and extinguish the light of Merciful God.
But they must be aware that the Lord of the Lords the Mighty God had intended to made the divine light, worldwide. This is the light of God which cannot be put off by the blowing of mouth.
This luminous sun of the sky by the blindness of the bats cannot be disappeared. They plot and we too plan for them.
รรณรญรบรรฐร means to seek the remedy.
As it is said in Sura e Yusuf ayat
Surat Yūsuf (Joseph) - รรฆรร รญรฆรร
รรณรรณรกรถรรณ รรถรรบรครณร รกรถรญรตรฆรรตรรณ
Thus did we plan for Yusuf (Joseph) 12:76
In these ayaat specifically to the prophet it is commanded: be lenient with them give them grace time and do not make haste to destroy them. Present before them enough of the reasons and ultimatums. Give the chance to those who have least ability to accept the faith and finally to admit it. Basically those who make rush who have fear to lose the chances and opportunities. But this concept has no meaning for the All Sovereign and Subduing God.
Like this way the Compassionate God stressed the prophet to be lenient and it is an example for all the Muslims in their tasks too, specifically when they are opposing and confronting the strong and dangerous enemy. They must treat them with patience, perseverance and not showing any restlessness and must avoid every kind of untimely hastiness without any plans.
In the way of establishing the truth one must constantly avoid to be hasty, so that the people who have the capability of acquiring the guidance must get the ultimatum wholly.
Like this way Islam conquered the enemy in a very short period and dissolved their plans. They tasted the first blow on the battlefield of Badr. Soon after that they were defeated on the battle grounds of Ahzab, Khaibar and Siffin and other battle grounds; all their plotting lead to defeat, their foundations collapsed, till the end of the prophetโs life the light of Islam spread all over the entire Arabian Peninsula and within a century the Islam chiefly overshadowed the world.
O Supreme Inheritor and Everlasting God, the seduction, deception and temptation of the enemies of the present period has increased, you return back their evils to them and turn their disastrous plans into a mirage.
O God the Incomparable and Guide to right path, the day when the secrets and the hidden will be revealed, do not make us ashamed.
O Self Sufficient and the Gatherer God, we do not have the power and supporter except you. We request you, do not leave us.
Ameen O the Provider of the Universe
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